How do photovoltaic structures dedicated to monofacial panels differ from those dedicated to bifacial panels?

Photovoltaic structures dedicated to monofacial and bifacial panels differ in several key aspects:

1. Mounting method
   Structures for monofacial panels: Can be mounted directly on the surface of the roof or ground, with no need for light access from below.
   
   Structures for bifacial panels: Require special mounting that allows light access to both sides of the panel. They are often installed on elevated structures, for example.
2. Substrate materials
   For monofacial panels: The type of substrate has no significant effect on performance. For bifacial panels: A highly reflective substrate, such as white paint or concrete, is required to increase the efficiency of the panels.
3. Tilt angle and orientation
   Monofacial panels: Usually mounted at an optimal angle toward the south. Bifacial panels: Can be oriented vertically east-west or standard south-facing.
4. Use of space
   Monofacial panels: Require more surface area to achieve the same output.
   Bifacial panels: Allow for better space utilization due to higher output per unit area.